KELEK CHANA CHIN DAN

Botanical Name     :   Cicer arietinum L.
English        :   Gram, Chick pea, Bengal gram

 Kelek chana ka tih tak mai hi kawm nei thlai, be kan han tih mai, pulses zinga mi a ni a. Thlai pawimawh leh tangkai tak mai a ni. A mu hi chhum leh kana chawhmeh tha tak mai a ni a. Khawla hera powdera siam chuan chhang leh sweet siamna, besan powder hi a ni. A hnah hi chawhmeh (Vegetable) atante, thlai sengna hnu pawlte hi ranchaw (fodder) tha em em mai a ni. Damdawi lam atan pawh a tha hle, thisen tihfaina atan (blood purification) a tha in an sawi. A rah hring, a char hma hian chawhmeh atan leh hmawmsawmah an hmang a, kawng hrang hranga sawngbawl theih a ni (Chhole). A chaw tha pai chu zaa 21.10(%) hi protein a ni a, 61.5(%) hi carbohydrate, 4.5(%) chu fat (hriak emaw thau) a ni thung. Calcium, iron leh Niacinte pawh a pai tam.

Chana chi hrang hrang:

 India rama kelek chana te hi chihniha then hlawk theih a ni.

1. Desi or Brown Gram (Cicer arietinum L): Hei hi kelek chana kan tih tak a hi a ni. Kelek chana zinga a lar ber a ni a, a kung a hniam in a te a, mahse a tawi tha duh hle. A chi (a mu) hi eng deuh te leh uk thim (duk) deuh a ni, a te bawk.

2. Kabuli or White gram (Cicer kabulium): A chi (a mu) hi a var emaw eng dal a ni thung. A pawr a, a itawm. Desi ai chuan a thar hlawk lo deuh. A kung pawh a sang zawk a, a tawi (buk) lo zawk.

A zung: Kelek chana hian zung a nei tha hle mai a. A zung hi a buk a, zunglai ding tha deuh mai a nei bawk a. A zungte hi pawnlang deuh-vah hian a zam darh zau thei viau mai bawk a. Root nodules tam tak insiamin rhizobium bacteria te chuan leiah nitrogen an siam(fix) thei.

Sik leh sa mamawh dan:

 Thlasik thlai (winter or Rabi crop) a ni a, mahse a chinna atan khawvawt lutuk leh vur tla(frost) te chu a tha lova, a par lai phei chuan rah a insiam theih loh phah thin a, rah a insiam a nih pawhin a chi (a mu) kha a thi thin. Ruah van tla ring a chin a ni ber a, tuipek theih (irrigation) a nih chuan a thar that phahin a hlawk. Chin zawh hlim, a par lai leh rah insiam laia ruah tam tham sur a pawi, a chhiat phah thei. A par lai leh seng hun dawna rial tla ten a thar ti hlawk lovin a chhiatpui. A tlangpui thuin ruahtui tam vak lo, kum khata cm 60-90 (600-900mm) tlakna hmun hi kelek chana chin nan a tha

Chinna leilung leh a chi mamawh zat:

 India ramah pawh State hrang hrangah leilung inanglo tak taka chin a ni a. Duhthusamah chuan leitha, balu lei tam deuh pawh nise thaw lutuk lo, tlak lei leh sawntlung lei lam pawh nise nghet lutuk lo nise, tui inpaih hil thuai thei hmun nise a tha. A thur leh thur lovah chuan Mizoram leilung hi a tawk.

 Chin dawnin lei leh tur a ni a, dip leh uluk lutuk taka leh phei chu a ngai lo. Theih chu nise thuk deuhva lei leh a tha, hei hi hnawng tha turin a tangkai. Tin, leileh hian boruak a inpe tha bawk.

Thlaichi thlak:

 October leh November thla hi India ram hmun hrang hranga kelek chana an chin hun chu a ni. Chin hma lutuk chuan a kung a thang duh lutuka, a rah tha duh lova, a thar hlawk loh phah. Chin hma deuh hian phai khawlumah chuan wilt natna a hluar bik bawk.

 Thlai chi chu a tlarin ching ila, a tlar inkar chu 30-45cm (1-1/2 ft) a inhlat nise, hectare khat hmunah chana chi Kg 60-100 vel ching ila a tawk. Hei hi a chi len(pawr) dan a zir a ni. Thlai chi chu 8-10cm (3 - 4 inch) a thukah thlak ila a tha, thlai chi thlak pawn lutuk chu wilt natna in a tichhe duh thin. Thlai chite chu thlak hmain damdawia bual hmasak ngei tur.

Leitha pek:

 Leguminous (kawm nci) thlai a nih avangin a nitrogen mamawh tur zaa 75 (%) chu amah a intum theia ngaih a ni. Chu chuan chin atanga chawlhkar li chhung a awh thei. Orgamic matter tlem deuhna leh leilunga nitrogen tlemna hmunah chuan hectare khat hmunah nitrogen kg 20-25 vel pe thei ila a tha, chu chu root nodule insiam hmaa thlai hman tur a ni. Thlai hian phosphorus a mamawh khawp mai a, leia a tlem deuh phei chuan a nitrogen mamawh nena pe turin hectare khatah DAP kg 100-150 hisapin a thlura inch 3-4 vela thukah bawk lei leh laiin pe ila a tha. Potassium erawh chu ngaih pawimawh a tul vak lo.

Tuipek:

 Tuipek dan hriatchian a tul hle. Ruah vantla ringa chin a ni ber kan tih laiin a mamawh huna tui pek erawh a tangkai hle. Tui pek pawhin tlem tlema pek tur. Tui a awm chuan chin dawn tepah pek tur. Hei hi thlaiin a tiah that theih phah a, a than pawh a tha. Ruah a sur loh chuan a par hma leh a kawm insiam laiin tui pek hram a tha. Thlai par laiin tui pek hauh loh tur. Tui pek tam hi a chhiatpui zawka, thlai kungin a ngeih thei viau maithei, a thar erawh chuan a chhiatpui thung ang.

Hlo thlawh:

 Chana kung hi a hniam a, hnim dip a ngai thei lo hle. Chuvangin thlai hmun fai taka enkawl a tha. Hnim chawr leh a chi tiah hmaa hman chi Butachlor or Pendimethalin leh a dang hman a tha. Chubakah kuta thlawh bawk tur. A tir lam hi thlai hmun thlawhfai pawimawh zual lai a ni zel.

Thlai venhim:

 1) Insects : i) Cutworm hi chana hmunah a hluarin a tichhe nasa thei hle. A pangngangin lei a seh chinah chana tiak a seh chhum thin. Lei tlang karah chhunah a bi bova, zanah a che thin. Carbofuran granule theh tur. Systemic insecticide dang kah theih a ni bawk.

 ii) Gram pod borer: A rah nget hi chana tichhetu, zaa 75(%) lai a tichhe thei a ni. Chana hnah no a ei a, a kawm noah lutin a mu no a ei thin. Theihtawpa control tura tan lak a ngai. Systemic insecticide (Monocrotophos leh a dang pawh) a hman theih. Arah insiam tana kah tur.

2) Natna: Natna chi hrang hrang chana tichhe thei a awm a. Kan thlai kan ven leh enkawl a ngai. Chung natna lar leh hlauhawm zualte chu: Wilt, Sclerotinia blight, Grey Mold, Rust leh Ascochyta blight te an ni.

 Damdawiin a chi bual a, a kung chunga natna lo lan veleh emaw a hma pawha kah tur. Fungicide hman tur chi hrang hrang a awm.

Thlai seng:

 Chana hnah chu a sen buang (uk) deuh rawng a lo kai a, a lo til tan bawk a, hei hi seng hun a ni. A rahte kuta mal emaw a kung favah leh chema zai pawh hi a seng dan a ni. Hruihah emaw Silpaulin chungah emaw ni 5-7 vel nisaah phova vuak tur a ni.

 Kelek chana hi thar hlawk vak lova sawi a ni naa, uluk taka chin leh enkawl chu hectare khatah qtl 15-20 a thar thei, boruak leh chin dan ten a zir chuan qtl 30 lai a thar thei.

Variety:

 Kelek chanaah hian variety hrang engemaw zat a awm a, State hrang hrang tana recommend te pawh a awm. BGD-72, Vishal, Vijay, Vardhan, Samrat, Alok leh adangte an ni. Tuna kan chin tur variety hi Bengal Gram J A K I — 92-18 a ni. Kum 1997 a ICRISAT atanga released, ni 120 a thar thei, hectare khat hmuna qtl 18 vel thar thei a ni bawk. A kung san zawng hi a vantlang (medium tall), a chi len zawng pawh a vantlang (med. bold) a ni a. Wilt natna tuar thei emaw haw lo emaw (resistant) a ni.

Crop rotation:

 Kelek chana nena chin chhawk (rotate) thinte chu

1. Rice - chick pea

2. Vaimim - chick pea

3. Bekang - chick pea

Source : Lalthanzuala
MSc.(Ag) ,Agro, PG Dip.Agmark
Thlai chin dan VOL-II
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